Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities |
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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities |
Note 5 - Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Objectives and strategies for using derivative instruments The Company is exposed to fluctuations in oil and natural gas prices received for its production. Consequently, the Company believes it is prudent to manage the variability in cash flows on a portion of its oil and natural gas production. The Company utilizes a mix of collars, swaps, put and call options and similar derivative financial instruments to manage fluctuations in cash flows resulting from changes in commodity prices. The Company does not use these instruments for speculative or trading purposes. Counterparty risk and offsetting The use of derivative instruments exposes the Company to the risk that a counterparty will be unable to meet its commitments. While the Company monitors counterparty creditworthiness on an ongoing basis, it cannot predict sudden changes in counterparties’ creditworthiness. In addition, even if such changes are not sudden, the Company may be limited in its ability to mitigate an increase in counterparty credit risk. Should one of these counterparties not perform, the Company may not realize the benefit of some of its derivative instruments under lower commodity prices while continuing to be obligated under higher commodity price contracts subject to any right of offset under the agreements. Counterparty credit risk is considered when determining the fair value of a derivative instrument; see Note 6 for additional information regarding fair value. The Company executes commodity derivative contracts under master agreements with netting provisions that provide for offsetting assets against liabilities. In general, if a party to a derivative transaction incurs an event of default, as defined in the applicable agreement, the other party will have the right to demand the posting of collateral, demand a cash payment transfer or terminate the arrangement. Financial statement presentation and settlements Settlements of the Company’s derivative instruments are based on the difference between the contract price or prices specified in the derivative instrument and a benchmark price, such as the NYMEX price. To determine the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments, the Company utilizes present value methods that include assumptions about commodity prices based on those observed in underlying markets. See Note 6 for additional information regarding fair value. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments The Company records its derivative contracts at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets and records changes in fair value as a gain or loss on derivative contracts in the consolidated statements of operations. Cash settlements are also recorded as gain or loss on derivative contracts in the consolidated statements of operations. The following table reflects the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments for the periods presented:
As previously discussed, the Company’s derivative contracts are subject to master netting arrangements. The Company’s policy is to present the fair value of derivative contracts on a net basis in the consolidated balance sheet. The following presents the impact of this presentation to the Company’s recognized assets and liabilities for the periods indicated:
For the periods indicated, the Company recorded the following related to its derivatives in the consolidated statement of operations as gain or loss on derivative contracts:
Derivative positions Listed in the tables below are the outstanding oil and natural gas derivative contracts as of March 31, 2017:
Subsequent event The following derivative contracts were executed subsequent to March 31, 2017:
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